Seminars in Hematology
Volume 44 , Pages S27-S31 , July 2007

Overcoming Rituximab Resistance: The US Clinical Experience With Bendamustine

  • Jonathan W. Friedberg

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Jonathan W. Friedberg, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Rochester, Director, Hematological Malignancy Clinical Research, James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 704, Room 1-4118C, Rochester, NY 14642.

References 

  1. McLaughlin P, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Link BK, et al. Rituximab chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy for relapsed indolent lymphoma: Half of patients respond to a four-dose treatment program. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16:2825–2833
  2. Coiffier B, Haioun C, Ketterer N, et al. Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) for the treatment of patients with relapsing or refractory aggressive lymphoma: A multicenter phase II study. Blood. 1998;92:1927–1932
  3. Foran JM, Rohatiner AZ, Cunningham D, et al. European phase II study of rituximab (chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) for patients with newly diagnosed mantle-cell lymphoma and previously treated mantle-cell lymphoma, immunocytoma, and small B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:317–324
  4. Davis TA, Grillo-Lopez AJ, White CA, et al. Rituximab anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Safety and efficacy of re-treatment. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:3135–3143
  5. Ghielmini M, Schmitz SF, Cogliatti SB, et al. Prolonged treatment with rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma significantly increases event-free survival and response duration compared with the standard weekly × 4 schedule. Blood. 2004;103:4416–4423
  6. Hainsworth JD, Litchy S, Shaffer DW, et al. Maximizing therapeutic benefit of rituximab: maintenance therapy versus re-treatment at progression in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma—A randomized phase II trial of the Minnie Pearl Cancer Research Network. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:1088–1095
  7. Anderson DR, Grillo-Lopez A, Varns C, et al. Targeted anti-cancer therapy using rituximab, a chimaeric anti-CD20 antibody (IDEC-C2B8) in the treatment of non-Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphoma. Biochem Soc Trans. 1997;25:705–708
  8. Golay J, Zaffaroni L, Vaccari T, et al. Biologic response of B lymphoma cells to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in vitro: CD55 and CD59 regulate complement-mediated cell lysis. Blood. 2000;95:3900–3908
  9. Cartron G, Watier H, Golay J, et al. From the bench to the bedside: ways to improve rituximab efficacy. Blood. 2004;104:2635–2642
  10. Friedberg JW, Cohen P, Cheson BD, et al. Bendamustine HCl (TREANDATM) treatment results in high rates of objective response in patients with rituximab-refractory and alkylator-refractory indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL): Results from a phase II multicenter single-agent study (SDX-105-01). Blood. 2005;106:70a;(abstr 229)
  11. Fisher RI, Kaminski MS, Wahl RL, et al. Tositumomab and iodine-131 tositumomab produces durable complete remissions in a subset of heavily pretreated patients with low-grade and transformed non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:7565–7573
  12. Beum PV, Kennedy AD, Williams ME, et al. The shaving reaction: rituximab/CD20 complexes are removed from mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by THP-1 monocytes. J Immunol. 2006;176:2600–2609
  13. Weng WK, Levy R. Expression of complement inhibitors CD46, CD55, and CD59 on tumor cells does not predict clinical outcome after rituximab treatment in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2001;98:1352–1357
  14. Bohen SP, Troyanskaya OG, Alter O, et al. Variation in gene expression patterns in follicular lymphoma and the response to rituximab. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:1926–1930
  15. Cartron G, Dacheux L, Salles G, et al. Therapeutic activity of humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and polymorphism in IgG Fc receptor FcgammaRIIIa gene. Blood. 2002;99:754–758
  16. Ghielmini M, Rufibach K, Salles G, et al. Single agent rituximab in patients with follicular or mantle cell lymphoma: clinical and biological factors that are predictive of response and event-free survival as well as the effect of rituximab on the immune system: A study of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK). Ann Oncol. 2005;16:1675–1682
  17. De Jong D. Molecular pathogenesis of follicular lymphoma: A cross talk of genetic and immunologic factors. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:6358–6363
  18. Witzig TE. Radioimmunotherapy for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2006;19:655–668
  19. Press OW, Unger JM, Braziel RM, et al. Phase II trial of CHOP chemotherapy followed by tositumomab/iodine I-131 tositumomab for previously untreated follicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Five-year follow-up of Southwest Oncology Group Protocol S9911. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:4143–4149
  20. Witzig TE, Flinn IW, Gordon LI, et al. Treatment with ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy in patients with rituximab-refractory follicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2002;20:3262–3269
  21. Horning SJ, Younes A, Jain V, et al. Efficacy and safety of tositumomab and iodine-131 tositumomab (Bexxar) in B-cell lymphoma, progressive after rituximab. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:712–719
  22. Friedberg JW, Cohen P, Cheson BD, et al. Bendamustine HCL treatment results in high rates of objective response in patients with rituximab-refractory indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Results from a phase II multicenter single agent study. Blood. 2005;106:229a;(abstr)
  23. Hall AG, Tilby MJ. Mechanisms of action of, and modes of resistance to, alkylating agents used in the treatment of haematological malignancies. Blood Rev. 1992;6:163–173
  24. Leoni LM, Bailey B, Reifert J, et al. SDX-105 (Bendamustine), a clinically active antineoplastic agent posesses a unique mechanism of action. Blood. 2003;102:640a;(abstr 2363)
  25. Chow KU, Sommerlad WD, Boehrer S, et al. Anti-CD20 antibody (IDEC-C2B8, rituximab) enhances efficacy of cytotoxic drugs on neoplastic lymphocytes in vitro: Role of cytokines, complement, and caspases. Haematologica. 2002;87:33–43
  26. van der Jagt RH, Cohen P, Cheson BD, et al. Phase II results of bendamustine in combination with rituximab in relapsed iIndolent and mantle-cell non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Blood. 2006;108:766a;(abstr 2710)
  27. Friedberg JW, Huang J, Dillon H, et al. Initial therpeutic strategy in follicular lymphoma (FL): An analysis from the National LymphoCare Study (NLCS). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2006;24:428s;(abstr 7527)

PII: S0037-1963(07)00093-5

doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2007.06.002

Seminars in Hematology
Volume 44 , Pages S27-S31 , July 2007