Seminars in Hematology
Volume 43, Issue 2 , Pages 89-95 , April 2006

General Approach to, and Perspectives on Clinical Research in, Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  • Elihu H. Estey

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Elihu H. Estey, MD, Department of Leukemia, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 15151 Holcombe Blvd, Box 428, Houston, TX 77030

References 

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  2. Goldstone AH , Burnett AK , Wheatley K , Smith AG , Hutchinson RM , Clark RE . Attempts to improve treatment outcomes in AML in older patients (The results of the United Kingdom Medical Research Council AML11 trial) . Blood . 2001;98:1302–1311
  3. Anderson JE , Kopecky KJ , Willman CL , Head D , O’Donnell MR , Luthardt FW , et al.  A Southwest Oncology Group Study   Outcome after induction chemotherapy for older patients with AML is not improved with mitoxantrone and etoposide compared to daunorubicin and cytarabine . Blood . 2002;100:3869–3876
  4. Van der Holt B , Loewenberg B , Burnett AK , Knauff WU , Sheperd J , Paolo P , et al.   The value of the MDR1 reversal agent PSC-833 in addition to daunorubicin and cytarabine in the treatment of elderly patients with previously untreated AML in relation to MDR1 status at diagnosis . Blood . 2005;106:2646–2654
  5. Estey EH , Thall PF , Giles FG , Wang X-M , Cortes JE , Beran M , et al.   Gemtuzumab ozogamycin with or without interleukin 11 in patients 65 years of age or older with untreated AML or high-risk MDS (Comparison with idarubicin plus high-dose continuous infusion cytosine arabinoside) . Blood . 2002;99:4343–4349
  6. Kahn SB , Begg CB , Mazza JJ , Bennett JM , Bonner H , Glick JH . Full dose vs. attenuated dose daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside and 6-thioguanine in the treatment of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia in the elderly . J Clin Oncol . 1984;2:865–870
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  9. Estey E , Thall P , Beran M , Kantarjian H , Pierce S , Keating M . Effect of diagnosis (refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, or AML) on outcome of AML-type chemotherapy . Blood . 1997;90:2969–2977
  10. Goldstone AH , Burnett AK , Avivi I , Hills R , Wheatley K . Secondary AML has a worse outcome than de novo AML even taking into account cytogenetics and age. AML 10,11,12 MRC trials . Blood . 2002;100:88a; abstr
  11. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) AML Panel . AML clinical practice guidelines . J Natl Compr Cancer Network . 2003;1:520–539
  12. Baer MR , George SL , Dodge RK , O’Laughlin KL , Minderman H , Caligiuri M , et al.   Phase 3 study of the multidrug resistance modulator PSC-833 in previously untreated patients 60 years of age and older with acute myeloid leukemia (Cancer and Leukemia Group B study 9720) . Blood . 2002;100:1224–1232
  13. Giralt S , Estey E , Albitar M , van Besien K , Rhondon G , Anderlini P , et al.   Engraftment of allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cells with purine analog-containing chemotherapy (Harnessing graft- versus-leukemia without myeloablative therapy) . Blood . 1997;89:4531–4536
  14. Alyea EP , Kim HT , Ho V , Cutler C , Gribben J , DeAngelo DJ , et al.   Comparative outcome of nonmyeloablative and myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for patients older than 50 years of age . Blood . 2005;105:1810–1814
  15. Burnett AK , Wheatley K , Stevens R , Goldstone AH , Hann I , Prentice AG , et al.   Further data to question the use of allo bone marrow transplant in AML 1st remission in addition to intensive chemotherapy (The MRC experience in 715 patients under age 44 years with donors available) . Blood . 2002;100:74a; abstr
  16. Burnett AK , Goldstone AH , Stevens R , Hann IM , Rees JK , Wheatley K . Biologic characteristics determine the outcome of allogeneic or autologous BMT in AML CR1 . Blood . 1995;86:614a; abstr
  17. Kottaridis PD , Gale RE , Holt MP , Wheatley K , Goldstone AH , Burnett AK , et al.   Consolidation of AML therapy with autograft and allograft procedures does not negate the poor prognostic impact of flt3 internal tandem duplications-results from the UK MRC 10 and 12 trials . Blood . 2002;100:75a; abstr
  18. Tibes R , de Lima M , Estey E , Shahjahan R , Champlin R . Non-myeloablative HSCT in elderly AML/MDS patients in 1st CR . Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol . 2005; abstr 6655
  19. Lowenberg B , Zittoun R , Kerkhofs H , Jehn U , Abels J , Debusscher L , et al.   On the value of intensive remission induction therapy in elderly patients of 65+ years with AML (A randomized phase III study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Group) . J Clin Oncol . 1989;7:1268–1274
  20. Burnett AK , Milligan D , Prentice AG , Goldstone AW , McMullin MF , Wheatley K , et al.   Low dose ara-C versus hydroxyurea with or without retinoid in older patients not considered fit for intensive chemotherapy (The UK NCRI AML14 trial) . Blood . 2002;104:872; abstr
  21. Tilly H , Castaigne S , Bordessoule D , Casassus P , LePrise PY , Tertain G , et al.   Low dose cytarabine vs. intensive chemotherapy in the treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in the elderly . J Clin Oncol . 1990;8:272–279
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  23. Sekeres MA , Stone RM , Zahrieh D , Morrison V , DeAngelo DJ , Galinsky I , et al.   Decision-making and quality of life in older adults with AML or advanced MDS . Leukemia . 2004;18:809–816
  24. Lancet JE , Gojo I , Gotlib J , Greer J , Kaufmann SH , Liesveld JL , et al.   Tipifarnib in previously untreated poor-risk AML and MDS (Interim results of a phase II trial) . Blood . 2003;102:176a; abstr
  25. Stone RM , DeAngelo DJ , Klimek V , Galinsky I , Estey E , Nimer SD , et al.   Patients with AML and an activating mutation in FLT3 respond to a small-molecule FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, PKC412 . Blood . 2005;105:54–60
  26. Bishop JF , Matthews JP , Young GA , Bradstock K , Lowenthal RM . Intensified induction chemotherapy with high dose cytarabine and etoposide for acute myeloid leukemia (A review and updated results of the Australian Leukemia Study Group) . Leuk Lymphoma . 1998;28:315–327
  27. Estey E , Wang X-M , Thall P , Pierce S , Koller C , Faderl S , et al.   Plausibility of delaying induction therapy in untreated AML . Blood . 2004;104:879; abstr
  28. Sievers EL , Larson RA , Stadtmauer EA , Estey E , Loweneberg B , Dombret H , et al.   Efficacy and safety of gemtuzumab ozogamicin in patients with CD33-positive AML in first relapse . J Clin Oncol . 2001;19:3244–3254
  29. de Lima M , Strom S , Keating M , Kantarjian H , Pierce S , O’Brien S , et al.   Implications of potential cure in AML (Development of subsequent cancer and return to work) . Blood . 1997;90:4719–4724
  30. Estey E . Clinical trials in AML of the elderly (Should we change our methodology?) . Leukemia . 2004;18:1772–1774

PII: S0037-1963(06)00019-9

doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2006.01.002

Seminars in Hematology
Volume 43, Issue 2 , Pages 89-95 , April 2006

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