Seminars in Hematology
Volume 40, Issue 1 , Pages 97-103 , January 2003

Management decisions in chronic myeloid leukemia

References 

  1. Allan NC, Richards SM, Shepherd PC. UK Medical Research Council randomised, multicentre trial of interferon-alpha n1 for chronic myeloid leukaemia: Improved survival irrespective of cytogenetic response. The UK Medical Research Council's Working Parties for Therapeutic Trials in Adult Leukaemia. Lancet. 1995;345:1392–1397
  2. Baccarani M, Rosti G, de Vivo A, et al.  A randomized study of interferon-alpha versus interferon-alpha and low-dose arabinosyl cytosine in chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2002;99:1527–1535
  3. Bonifazi F, de Vivo A, Rosti G, et al.  Chronic myeloid leukemia and interferon-alpha: A study of complete cytogenetic responders. Blood. 2001;98:3074–3081
  4. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Trialists' Collaborative Group . Interferon alfa versus chemotherapy for chronic myeloid leukemia: A meta-analysis of seven randomized trials. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:1616–1620
  5. Dazzi F, Szydlo RM, Craddock C, et al.  Comparison of single-dose and escalating-dose regimens of donor lymphocyte infusion for relapse after allografting for chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2000;95:67–71
  6. Deininger M, Schleuning C, Olavarria E, et al.  Glivec prior to allografting is safe and not associated with increased transplant-related toxicity. Blood. 2001;98(suppl 1, abstr):344b
  7. Druker BJ, for IRIS Study Group . In: Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, Orlando FL. STI571 (Gleevec/Glivec, imatinib) versus interferon (IFN) and cytarabine as initial therapy for patients with CML: Results of a randomized study. 21:2002;p. 1a; (abstr)
  8. Druker BJ, Lydon NB. Lessons learned from the development of an Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor for chronic myelogenous leukemia. J Clin Invest. 2000;105:3–7
  9. Druker BJ, Sawyers CL, Kantarjian H, et al.  Activity of a specific inhibitor of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in the blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the Philadelphia chromosome. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1038–1042
  10. Goldman JM, Gale RP, Horowitz MM, et al.  Bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase. Increased risk for relapse associated with T-cell depletion. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:806–814
  11. Graham SM, Jorgensen HG, Allan E, et al.  Primitive, quiescent, Philadelphia-positive stem cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia are insensitive to STI571 in vitro. Blood. 2002;99:319–325
  12. Guilhot F, Chastang C, Michallet M, et al.  Interferon alfa-2b combined with cytarabine versus interferon alone in chronic myelogenous leukemia. French Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:223–229
  13. Hasford J, Pfirrmann M, Hehlmann R, et al.  A new prognostic score for survival of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with interferon alfa. Writing Committee for the Collaborative CML Prognostic Factors Project Group. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998;90:850–858
  14. Hehlmann R, Heimpel H, Hasford J, et al.  Randomized comparison of interferon-alpha with busulfan and hydroxyurea in chronic myelogenous leukemia. The German CML Study Group. Blood. 1994;84:4064–4077
  15. Hochhaus A, Reiter A, Saussele S, et al.  Molecular heterogeneity in complete cytogenetic responders after interferon-alpha therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia: low levels of minimal residual disease are associated with continuing remission. German CML Study Group and the UK MRC CML Study Group. Blood. 2000;95:62–66
  16. Holtz MS, Slovak ML, Zhang F, et al.  Imatinib mesylate (STI571) inhibits growth of primitive malignant progenitors in chronic myelogenous leukemia through reversal of abnormally increased proliferation. Blood. 2002;99:3792–3800
  17. Holyoake T, Jiang X, Eaves C, et al.  Isolation of a highly quiescent subpopulation of primitive leukemic cells in chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 1999;94:2056–2064
  18. Holyoake TL, Jiang X, Jorgensen HG, et al.  Primitive quiescent leukemic cells from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia spontaneously initiate factor-independent growth in vitro in association with up-regulation of expression of interleukin-3. Blood. 2001;97:720–728
  19. Hughes T, Kaeda J, Branford S, et al.  Molecular responses to imatinib (STI571) or interferon + Ara-C as initial therapy for CML: Results of the IRIS study. Blood. 2002;99(suppl 1, abstr 345):
  20. Huntly BJ, Reid AG, Bench AJ, et al.  Deletions of the derivative chromosome 9 occur at the time of the Philadelphia translocation and provide a powerful and independent prognostic indicator in chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2001;98:1732–1738
  21. Italian Cooperative Group . Interferon alfa-2a as compared with conventional chemotherapy for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. The Italian Cooperative Study Group on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1994;330:820–825
  22. Kantarjian H, Sawyers C, Hochhaus A, et al.  Hematologic and cytogenetic responses to imatinib mesylate in chronic myelogenous leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:645–652
  23. Kantarjian HM, Smith TL, O'Brien S, et al.  Prolonged survival in chronic myelogenous leukemia after cytogenetic response to interferon-alpha therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1995;122:254–261
  24. Kolb HJ, Mittermuller J, Clemm C, et al.  Donor leukocyte transfusions for treatment of recurrent chronic myelogenous leukemia in marrow transplant patients. Blood. 1990;76:2462–2465
  25. Lin F, Drummond M, Byrne J, et al.  Molecular monitoring of complete cytogenetic responders following treatment with imatinib (STI571): A report from the UKSTI study group. Blood. 2002;99(suppl 1, abstr 1425):
  26. Mackinnon S, Papadopoulos EB, Carabasi MH, et al.  Adoptive immunotherapy evaluating escalating doses of donor leukocytes for relapse of chronic myeloid leukemia after bone marrow transplantation: Separation of graft-versus-leukemia responses from graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 1995;86:1261–1268
  27. Marin D, Marktel S, Bua M, et al.  The use of imatinib (STI571) in chronic myeloid leukemia: Some practical considerations. Haematologica. 2002;87:979–988
  28. Marin D, Marktel S, O'Brien S, et al.  Use of imatinib mesylate in patients with CML in chronic phase resistant to interferon-alfa: Factors defined at start of therapy that predict disease progression and survival. Blood. 2002;99(suppl 1, abstr 4853):
  29. Ohnishi K, Ohno R, Tomonaga M, et al.  A randomized trial comparing interferon-alpha with busulfan for newly diagnosed chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase. Blood. 1995;86:906–916
  30. Olavarria E, Craddock C, Dazzi F, et al.  Imatinib mesylate (STI571) in the treatment of relapse of chronic myeloid leukemia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2002;99:3861–3862
  31. Or R, Shapira MY, Resnick I, et al: Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in first chronic phase. Blood (in press)
  32. Sawyers CL, Hochhaus A, Feldman E, et al.  Imatinib induces hematologic and cytogenetic responses in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in myeloid blast crisis: Results of a phase II study. N Engl J Med. 2002;99:3530–3539
  33. Sokal JE. Prognosis in chronic myeloid leukaemia: Biology of the disease vs. treatment. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1987;1:907–929
  34. Sokal JE, Cox EB, Baccarani M, et al.  Prognostic discrimination in “good-risk” chronic granulocytic leukemia. Blood. 1984;63:789–799
  35. Talpaz M, Silver RT, Druker BJ, et al.  Imatinib induces durable hematologic and cytogenetic responses in patients with accelerated phase chronic myeloid leukemia: Results of a phase 2 study. Blood. 2002;99:1928–1937
  36. van Rhee F, Lin F, Cross NC, et al.  Detection of residual leukaemia more than 10 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1994;14:609–612
  37. van Rhee F, Lin F, Cullis JO, et al.  Relapse of chronic myeloid leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplant: The case for giving donor leukocyte transfusions before the onset of hematologic relapse. Blood. 1994;83:3377–3383
  38. Wadhwa J, Szydlo RM, Apperley JF, et al.  Factors impacting on duration of survival after onset of blastic transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2002;99:2304–2309

 Address reprint requests to Prof John M. Goldman, Department of Haematology, Imperial College at Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.

PII: S0037-1963(03)70047-X

Seminars in Hematology
Volume 40, Issue 1 , Pages 97-103 , January 2003