Seminars in Hematology
Volume 40, Issue 2 , Pages 143-153 , April 2003

Pathogenesis and manifestations of human herpesvirus-8-associated disorders

References 

  1. Albini A, Benelli R, Presta M, et al.  HIV-tat protein is a heparin-binding angiogenic growth factor. Oncogene. 1996;12:289–297
  2. Albini A, Soldi R, Giunciuglio D, et al.  The angiogenesis induced by HIV-1 tat protein is mediated by the Flk-1/KDR receptor on vascular endothelial cells. Nat Med. 1996;2:1371–1375
  3. Almuneef M, Nimjee S, Khoshnood K, et al.  Prevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in Saudi Arabian patients with and without renal failure. Transplantation. 2001;71:1120–1124
  4. Aoki Y, Feldman GM, Tosato G. Inhibition of STAT3 signaling induces apoptosis and decreases Survivin expression in primary effusion lymphoma. Blood. 2003;101:1535–1542
  5. Aoki Y, Jaffe ES, Chang Y, et al.  Angiogenesis and hematopoiesis induced by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded interleukin-6. Blood. 1999;93:4034–4043
  6. Aoki Y, Jones KD, Tosato G. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded interleukin-6. J Hematother Stem Cell Res. 2000;9:137–145
  7. Aoki Y, Narazaki M, Kishimoto T, et al.  Receptor engagement by viral interleukin-6 encoded by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Blood. 2001;98:3042–3049
  8. Aoki Y, Tosato G. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor in the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-infected primary effusion lymphomas. Blood. 1999;94:4247–4254
  9. Aoki Y, Tosato G. Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor in the pathogenesis of primary effusion lymphomas. Leuk Lymphoma. 2001;41:229–237
  10. Aoki Y, Tosato G, Fonville TW, et al.  Serum viral interleukin-6 in AIDS-related multicentric Castleman's disease. Blood. 2001;97:2526–2527
  11. Aoki Y, Tosato G, Nambu Y, et al.  Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor in AIDS-related primary effusion lymphomas. Blood. 2000;95:1109–1110
  12. Aoki Y, Yarchoan R, Wyvill K, et al.  Detection of viral interleukin-6 in Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-linked disorders. Blood. 2001;97:2173–2176
  13. Ascoli V, Scalzo CC, Danese C, et al.  Human herpes virus-8 associated primary effusion lymphoma of the pleural cavity in HIV-negative elderly men. Eur Respir J. 1999;14:1231–1234
  14. Athale UH, Patil PS, Chintu C, et al.  Influence of HIV epidemic on the incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in Zambian children. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995;8:96–100
  15. Bais C, Santomasso B, Coso O, et al.  G-protein-coupled receptor of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is a viral oncogene and angiogenesis activator. Nature. 1998;391:86–89
  16. Benjamin D, Knobloch TJ, Dayton MA. Human B-cell interleukin-10: B-cell lines derived from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Burkitt's lymphoma constitutively secrete large quantities of interleukin-10. Blood. 1992;80:1289–1298
  17. Bock GH, Long CA, Riley ML, et al.  Characterization of a new IL-6-dependent human B-lymphoma cell line in long term culture. Cytokine. 1993;5:480–489
  18. Boshoff C, Endo Y, Collins PD, et al.  Angiogenic and HIV-inhibitory functions of KSHV-encoded chemokines. Science. 1997;278:290–294
  19. Boshoff C, Gao SJ, Healy LE, et al.  Establishing a KSHV+ cell line (BCP-1) from peripheral blood and characterizing its growth in Nod/SCID mice. Blood. 1998;91:1671–1679
  20. Boshoff C, Schulz TF, Kennedy MM, et al.  Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infects endothelial and spindle cells. Nat Med. 1995;1:1274–1278
  21. Brander C, Raje N, O'Connor PG, et al.  Absence of biologically important Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus gene products and virus-specific cellular immune responses in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2002;100:698–700
  22. Brandt SJ, Bodine DM, Dunbar CE, et al.  Dysregulated interleukin 6 expression produces a syndrome resembling Castleman's disease in mice. J Clin Invest. 1990;86:592–599
  23. Bromberg J. Stat proteins and oncogenesis. J Clin Invest. 2002;109:1139–1142
  24. Campbell TB, Borok M, Gwanzura L, et al.  Relationship of human herpesvirus 8 peripheral blood virus load and Kaposi's sarcoma clinical stage. AIDS. 2000;14:2109–2116
  25. Carbone A, Gloghini A, Larocca LM, et al.  Expression profile of MUM1/IRF4, BCL-6, and CD138/syndecan-1 defines novel histogenetic subsets of human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphomas. Blood. 2001;97:744–751
  26. Cattelan A, Calabro M, Gasperini P, et al.  Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related kaposi's sarcoma regression after highly active antiretroviral therapy: Biologic correlates of clinical outcome. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2001;28:44–49
  27. Cheng EH, Nicholas J, Bellows DS, et al.  A Bcl-2 homolog encoded by Kaposi sarcoma-associated virus, human herpesvirus 8, inhibits apoptosis but does not heterodimerize with Bax or Bak. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94:690–694
  28. Chirivi RG, Taraboletti G, Bani MR, et al.  Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-Tat protein promotes migration of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related lymphoma cells and enhances their adhesion to endothelial cells. Blood. 1999;94:1747–1754
  29. Deng H, Chu JT, Rettig MB, et al.  Rta of the human herpesvirus 8/Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus up-regulates human interleukin-6 gene expression. Blood. 2002;100:1919–1921
  30. Deng H, Song MJ, Chu JT, et al.  Transcriptional regulation of the interleukin-6 gene of human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus). J Virol. 2002;76:8252–8264
  31. Dittmer D, Lagunoff M, Renne R, et al.  A cluster of latently expressed genes in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. J Virol. 1998;72:8309–8315
  32. Djerbi M, Screpanti V, Catrina AI, et al.  The inhibitor of death receptor signaling, FLICE-inhibitory protein defines a new class of tumor progression factors. J Exp Med. 1999;190:1025–1032
  33. Du MQ, Liu H, Diss TC, et al.  Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infects monotypic (IgM lambda) but polyclonal naive B cells in Castleman disease and associated lymphoproliferative disorders. Blood. 2001;97:2130–2136
  34. Dvorak HF, Nagy JA, Feng D, et al.  Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor and the significance of microvascular hyperpermeability in angiogenesis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1999;237:97–132
  35. Ellis M, Chew YP, Fallis L, et al.  Degradation of p27(Kip) cdk inhibitor triggered by Kaposi's sarcoma virus cyclin-cdk6 complex. EMBO J. 1999;18:644–653
  36. Ensoli B, Barillari G, Salahuddin SZ, et al.  Tat protein of HIV-1 stimulates growth of cells derived from Kaposi's sarcoma lesions of AIDS patients. Nature. 1990;345:84–86
  37. Ferbeyre G, Bourdeau V, Cedergren R. Does HIV tat protein also regulate genes of other viruses present in HIV infection?. Trends Biochem Sci. 1997;22:115–116
  38. Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor: Molecular and biological aspects. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1999;237:1–30
  39. Flemington EK. Herpesvirus lytic replication and the cell cycle: arresting new developments. J Virol. 2001;75:4475–4481
  40. Folkman J. Angiogenesis in cancer, vascular, rheumatoid and other disease. Nat Med. 1995;1:27–31
  41. Foreman KE, Friborg J, Kong WP, et al.  Propagation of a human herpesvirus from AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:163–171
  42. Friborg J, Kong W, Hottiger MO, et al.  p53 inhibition by the LANA protein of KSHV protects against cell death. Nature. 1999;402:889–894
  43. Frisch M, Biggar RJ, Engels EA, et al.  Association of cancer with AIDS-related immunosuppression in adults. JAMA. 2001;285:1736–1745
  44. Gage JR, Breen EC, Echeverri A, et al.  Human herpesvirus 8-encoded interleukin 6 activates HIV-1 in the U1 monocytic cell line. AIDS. 1999;13:1851–1855
  45. Ganem D. KSHV and Kaposi's sarcoma: The end of the beginning?. Cell. 1997;91:157–160
  46. Gao SJ, Kingsley L, Hoover DR, et al.  Seroconversion to antibodies against Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-related latent nuclear antigens before the development of Kaposi's sarcoma. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:233–241
  47. Harrington W, Sieczkowski L, Sosa C, et al.  Activation of HHV-8 by HIV-1 tat. Lancet. 1997;349:774–775
  48. Jones KD, Aoki Y, Chang Y, et al.  Involvement of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and viral IL-6 in the spontaneous growth of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus-associated infected primary effusion lymphoma cells. Blood. 1999;94:2871–2879
  49. Karp JE, Pluda JM, Yarchoan R. AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. A template for the translation of molecular pathogenesis into targeted therapeutic approaches. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1996;10:1031–1049
  50. Katano H, Sato Y, Kurata T, et al.  Expression and localization of human herpesvirus 8-encoded proteins in primary effusion lymphoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. Virology. 2000;269:335–344
  51. Klouche M, Brockmeyer N, Knabbe C, et al.  Human herpesvirus 8-derived viral IL-6 induces PTX3 expression in Kaposi's sarcoma cells. AIDS. 2002;16:F9–F18
  52. Knowles DM, Inghirami G, Ubriaco A, et al.  Molecular genetic analysis of three AIDS-associated neoplasms of uncertain lineage demonstrates their B-cell derivation and the possible pathogenetic role of the Epstein-Barr virus. Blood. 1989;73:792–799
  53. Kuwabara H, Nagai M, Kawakami K, et al.  Establishment and characterization of a Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus- and Epstein-Barr virus-negative malignant lymphoma cell line (OHK) with primary effusion lymphoma immunophenotype. Br J Haematol. 2002;116:128–134
  54. Li M, Damania B, Alvarez X, et al.  Inhibition of p300 histone acetyltransferase by viral interferon regulatory factor. Mol Cell Biol. 2000;20:8254–8263
  55. Little RF, Gutierrez M, Jaffe ES, et al.  HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Incidence, presentation, and prognosis. JAMA. 2001;285:1880–1885
  56. Little RF, Merced-Galindez F, Staskus K, et al.  A pilot study of ciclovir in patients with Kaposi sarcoma. J Infect Dis. 2003;187:149–153
  57. Little RF, Wyvill KM, Pluda JM, et al.  Activity of thalidomide in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:2593–2602
  58. Masood R, Cai J, Zheng T, et al.  Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor is an autocrine growth factor for AIDS-Kaposi sarcoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94:979–984
  59. Mullberg J, Geib T, Jostock T, et al.  IL-6 receptor independent stimulation of human gp130 by viral IL-6. J Immunol. 2000;164:4672–4677
  60. Murakami-Mori K, Taga T, Kishimoto T, et al.  AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) cells express oncostatin M (OM)-specific receptor but not leukemia inhibitory factor/OM receptor or interleukin-6 receptor. Complete block of OM-induced KS cell growth and OM binding by anti-gp130 antibodies. J Clin Invest. 1995;96:1319–1327
  61. Neipel F, Albrecht JC, Fleckenstein B. Cell-homologous genes in the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated rhadinovirus human herpesvirus 8: Determinants of its pathogenicity?. J Virol. 1997;71:4187–4192
  62. Nishi J, Arimura K, Utsunomiya A, et al.  Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in sera and lymph nodes of the plasma cell type of Castleman's disease. Br J Haematol. 1999;104:482–485
  63. Nishimoto N, Sasai M, Shima Y, et al.  Improvement in Castleman's disease by humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody therapy. Blood. 2000;95:56–61
  64. O'Shea JJ, Gadina M, Schreiber RD. Cytokine signaling in 2002: New surprises in the Jak/Stat pathway. Cell. 2002;109(suppl):S121–S131
  65. Ohshima K, Ishiguro M, Yamasaki S, et al.  Chromosomal and comparative genomic analyses of HHV-8-negative primary effusion lymphoma in five HIV-negative Japanese patients. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002;43:595–601
  66. Oksenhendler E, Boulanger E, Galicier L, et al.  High incidence of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with HIV infection and multicentric Castleman disease. Blood. 2002;99:2331–2336
  67. Oksenhendler E, Carcelain G, Aoki Y, et al.  High levels of human herpesvirus 8 viral load, human interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and C reactive protein correlate with exacerbation of multicentric Castleman disease in HIV-infected patients. Blood. 2000;96:2069–2073
  68. Oksenhendler E, Duarte M, Soulier J, et al.  Multicentric Castleman's disease in HIV infection: A clinical and pathological study of 20 patients. AIDS. 1996;10:61–67
  69. Parravicini C, Corbellino M, Paulli M, et al.  Expression of a virus-derived cytokine, KSHV vIL-6, in HIV-seronegative Castleman's disease. Am J Pathol. 1997;151:1517–1522
  70. Peterson BA, Frizzera G. Multicentric Castleman's disease. Semin Oncol. 1993;20:636–647
  71. Radkov SA, Kellam P, Boshoff C. The latent nuclear antigen of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus targets the retinoblastoma-E2F pathway and with the oncogene hras transforms primary rat cells. Nat Med. 2000;6:1121–1127
  72. Rettig MB, Ma HJ, Vescio RA, et al.  Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection of bone marrow dendritic cells from multiple myeloma patients. Science. 1997;276:1851–1854
  73. Schulz TF. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus-8). J Gen Virol. 1998;79:1573–1591
  74. Schulz TF, Boshoff CH, Weiss RA. HIV infection and neoplasia. Lancet. 1996;348:587–591
  75. Soulier J, Grollet L, Oksenhendler E, et al.  Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in multicentric Castleman's disease. Blood. 1995;86:1276–1280
  76. Stine JT, Wood C, Hill M, et al.  KSHV-encoded CC chemokine vMIP-III is a CCR4 agonist, stimulates angiogenesis, and selectively chemoattracts TH2 cells. Blood. 2000;95:1151–1157
  77. Tanaka S, Katano H, Tsukamoto K, et al.  HHV8-negative primary effusion lymphoma of the peritoneal cavity presenting with a distinct immunohistochemical phenotype. Pathol Int. 2001;51:293–300
  78. Tarte K, Olsen SJ, Yang Lu Z, et al.  Clinical-grade functional dendritic cells from patients with multiple myeloma are not infected with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Blood. 1998;91:1852–1857
  79. Tisdale JF, Stewart AK, Dickstein B, et al.  Molecular and serological examination of the relationship of human herpesvirus 8 to multiple myeloma: orf 26 sequences in bone marrow stroma are not restricted to myeloma patients and other regions of the genome are not detected. Blood. 1998;92:2681–2687
  80. Tulpule A, Scadden DT, Espina BM, et al.  Results of a randomized study of IM862 nasal solution in the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:716–723
  81. Vogel J, Hinrichs SH, Reynolds RK, et al.  The HIV tat gene induces dermal lesions resembling Kaposi's sarcoma in transgenic mice. Nature. 1988;335:606–611
  82. Watanabe O, Arimura K, Kitajima I, et al.  Greatly raised vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in POEMS syndrome. Lancet. 1996;347:702
  83. Whitby D, Howard MR, Tenant-Flowers M, et al.  Detection of Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus in peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals and progression to Kaposi's sarcoma. Lancet. 1995;346:799–802
  84. Yang TY, Chen SC, Leach MW, et al.  Transgenic expression of the chemokine receptor encoded by human herpesvirus 8 induces an angioproliferative disease resembling Kaposi's sarcoma. J Exp Med. 2000;191:445–454
  85. Yi Q, Ekman M, Anton D, et al.  Blood dendritic cells from myeloma patients are not infected with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8). Blood. 1998;92:402–404
  86. Yoshizaki K, Matsuda T, Nishimoto N, et al.  Pathogenic significance of interleukin-6 (IL-6/BSF-2) in Castleman's disease. Blood. 1989;74:1360–1367
  87. Zietz C, Bogner JR, Goebel FD, et al.  An unusual cluster of cases of Castleman's disease during highly active antiretroviral therapy for AIDS. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:1923–1924

 This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use.

☆☆ 0037-1963/03/4002-0005$0.00/0

PII: S0037-1963(03)70006-7

Seminars in Hematology
Volume 40, Issue 2 , Pages 143-153 , April 2003